conceptualization of national attachment

patriotism and nationalism make up the two sides of the spectrum of national attachment; but with different meanings, tendencies, and outcomes. this article, based on the current theories about national attachment, tries to study this subject from a different point of view. the main goal of this article is to explain national attachment in the context of the positive feeling of people toward their national identity and conceptualizing it in its two forms of nationalism and patriotism.  the nationalistic form of national attachment shows the positive feeling of people along with judgments and non-critical and emotional points of view toward the country. on the other hand, there is the patriotic form of national attachment with the positive feeling of people without early judgments towards other groups and nationalities whiche brings with it the adoption of critical points of view and wise orientations in assessing the country. we have used the documental and analytical method and have explained the subject of discussion using valid books and documents. in addition, in order to document the subjects discussed, based on the theory that national attachment can be expressed in two forms, we have studied the theories relevant in this area in three theoretical approaches of nationalism, patriotism, and viewpoints that include both forms.